In a recent blog post, I discussed the harms of a new epidemic: too much medical care. We also don’t want the opposite. In fact, much of the driving force leading to overdiagnosis and overtreatment is this fear of rationing.

So what can you do to ensure that you obtain just the right amount of care?

It isn’t easy — if it were, if there an algorithm that would give us the answer, then we wouldn’t have the Goldilocks problem (“Is it too little? Too much?”).

Here are 5 suggestions that may help

First and foremost, work in partnership with your doctor. The most critical key to getting good medial care is a trusting relationship between you and your doctor. This is not to say never question your doctor; but rather, develop a relationship of mutual respect such that you are the expert when it comes to your body, and the doctor is the expert when it comes to medicine.

Second, make sure your doctor listens. Study after study shows that the patient history will reveal the diagnosis in 80% of the cases, without the need for any tests or further interventions. If your doctor orders tests instead of listening to your story, that leads to unnecessary testing—and potential misdiagnoses. Prevent this by telling a good story, and making sure it’s heard.

Third, ask about your diagnosis. Understanding what you have is key to figuring out what should follow. Before you get any tests done, ask your doctor what he thinks you might have. This gives you some idea of what tests may be necessary, and also focuses your doctor to remember the important tests and have a justification for tests ordered.

Fourth, ask about every test done. Every single test has risks, so make sure you understand why each test is done. Ask about the risks. Ask about how it would change management: what happens if it’s negative? What happens if it’s positive? And, importantly—what happens if nothing is done at all? This helps you gauge how emergent (and also how necessary) a particular test is at this point in time.

Fifth, do your own research. This is particularly true when it comes to treatments. Look on the Internet and ask your friends and family. Be aware that not all information is equally credible, but at least this helps you formulate questions to ask your doctor. It might also help to look up your doctor and see if she has conflicts of interest that you may not be aware of: information about drug company affiliations, for example, can be found online. Write down questions, and ask them.

None of these suggestions are foolproof. These five steps can help begin the process for you and your doctor to work together to identify the right tests and treatments for you.

Leana Wen is an emergency physician who blogs at The Doctor is Listening. She is the co-author of When Doctors Don’t Listen: How to Prevent Misdiagnosis and Unnecessary Tests.  She can also be reached on Twitter @drleanawen.