Skip to content
  • About
  • Contact
  • Contribute
  • Book
  • Careers
  • Podcast
  • Recommended
  • Speaking
  • All
  • Physician
  • Practice
  • Policy
  • Finance
  • Conditions
  • .edu
  • Patient
  • Meds
  • Tech
  • Social
  • Video
    • All
    • Physician
    • Practice
    • Policy
    • Finance
    • Conditions
    • .edu
    • Patient
    • Meds
    • Tech
    • Social
    • Video
    • About
    • Contact
    • Contribute
    • Book
    • Careers
    • Podcast
    • Recommended
    • Speaking

MKSAP: 30-year-old woman with HIV infection

mksap
Conditions
August 20, 2018
Share
Tweet
Share

Test your medicine knowledge with the MKSAP challenge, in partnership with the American College of Physicians.

A 30-year-old woman is evaluated in follow-up after being recently diagnosed with HIV infection. She is asymptomatic. Medical history is unremarkable, and she takes no medications; she has not yet started antiretroviral therapy. She received all scheduled childhood immunizations.

On physical examination, vital signs are normal. She has shotty cervical lymphadenopathy, but the examination is otherwise unremarkable.

Laboratory studies:

Absolute CD4 cell count 461/µL
HIV viral load 44,874 copies/mL
Hepatitis A IgG antibody Negative
Hepatitis B surface antibody Positive
Hepatitis B surface antigen Negative
Hepatitis C antibody Negative

Which of the following immunizations should this patient receive today?

A. Hepatitis A vaccine
B. Hepatitis B vaccine
C. Human papillomavirus vaccine
D. Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine
E. Pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine

MKSAP Answer and Critique

The correct answer is D. Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine.

This patient should receive the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) now. Vaccination against Streptococcus pneumoniae is indicated in all persons with HIV infection because of the increased risk of invasive pneumococcal disease. Immunocompromised persons, including those with HIV, should receive PCV13 first, followed by the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23) at least 8 weeks later, in a “prime-boost” strategy that is used to improve the antibody response to immunization. This recommendation applies regardless of the patient’s CD4 cell count.

HIV infection alone is not an indication to receive hepatitis A vaccination. Hepatitis A vaccination would be indicated if the patient had another risk factor, such as men who have sex with men or other liver disease, including chronic hepatitis B or C virus infection. She does not have hepatitis B or C virus infection, as shown by negative results on laboratory testing, so hepatitis A vaccination is unnecessary at this time.

All patients with HIV should be vaccinated for hepatitis B if not already immune or infected. However, this patient has positivity for hepatitis B surface antibody, demonstrating existing immunity. Therefore, she does not require hepatitis B immunization.

This patient is beyond the recommended age (approximately 11-26 years) for females in the general population to receive human papillomavirus vaccination. This recommendation does not change for patients with HIV infection.

This patient should receive PPSV23, but not until at least 8 weeks after PCV13, so giving it now would be inappropriate. Patients with HIV infection who have received PPSV23 in the past should receive PCV13 followed by another PPSV23 dose at least 8 weeks later.

Key Point

  • Immunocompromised persons, including those with HIV, should receive the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine first, followed 8 weeks later by the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine.

This content is excerpted from MKSAP 17 with permission from the American College of Physicians (ACP). Use is restricted in the same manner as that defined in the MKSAP 17 Digital license agreement. This material should never be used as a substitute for clinical judgment and does not represent an official position of ACP. All content is licensed to KevinMD.com on an “AS IS” basis without any warranty of any nature. The publisher, ACP, shall not be liable for any damage or loss of any kind arising out of or resulting from use of content, regardless of whether such liability is based in tort, contract or otherwise.

Prev

A strong doctor-patient relationship: why it matters

August 20, 2018 Kevin 1
…
Next

What do the Fidelity ZERO mutual funds mean for physician investors?

August 20, 2018 Kevin 1
…

ADVERTISEMENT

Tagged as: Infectious Disease

Post navigation

< Previous Post
A strong doctor-patient relationship: why it matters
Next Post >
What do the Fidelity ZERO mutual funds mean for physician investors?

ADVERTISEMENT

More by mksap

  • a desk with keyboard and ipad with the kevinmd logo

    MKSAP: 26-year-old man with back pain

    mksap
  • a desk with keyboard and ipad with the kevinmd logo

    MKSAP: 36-year-old man with abdominal cramping, diarrhea, malaise, and nausea

    mksap
  • a desk with keyboard and ipad with the kevinmd logo

    MKSAP: 52-year-old woman with osteoarthritis of the right hip

    mksap

Related Posts

  • a desk with keyboard and ipad with the kevinmd logo

    MKSAP: 35-year-old woman with constipation

    mksap
  • a desk with keyboard and ipad with the kevinmd logo

    MKSAP: 60-year-old woman with persistent constipation

    mksap
  • a desk with keyboard and ipad with the kevinmd logo

    MKSAP: 45-year-old woman with type 2 diabetes mellitus

    mksap
  • HIV/AIDS vaccine underscores need for better health access

    Alyson O’Daniel, PhD
  • 3 ways we’ve failed woman who breastfeed

    Joanna Buscemi, PhD
  • The risk physicians take when going on social media

    Anonymous

More in Conditions

  • Medicaid lags behind on Alzheimer’s blood test coverage

    Amanda Matter
  • Why transgender health care needs urgent reform and inclusive practices

    Angela Rodriguez, MD
  • Why the Sean Combs trial is a wake-up call for HIV prevention

    Catherine Diamond, MD
  • New surge in misleading ads about diabetes on social media poses a serious health risk

    Laura Syron
  • mRNA post vaccination syndrome: Is it real?

    Harry Oken, MD
  • The critical role of nurse practitioners in colorectal cancer screening

    Elisabeth Evans, FNP
  • Most Popular

  • Past Week

    • New student loan caps could shut low-income students out of medicine

      Tom Phan, MD | Physician
    • How federal actions threaten vaccine policy and trust

      American College of Physicians | Conditions
    • Are we repeating the statin playbook with lipoprotein(a)?

      Larry Kaskel, MD | Conditions
    • The silent cost of choosing personalization over privacy in health care

      Dr. Giriraj Tosh Purohit | Tech
    • Why transgender health care needs urgent reform and inclusive practices

      Angela Rodriguez, MD | Conditions
    • mRNA post vaccination syndrome: Is it real?

      Harry Oken, MD | Conditions
  • Past 6 Months

    • COVID-19 was real: a doctor’s frontline account

      Randall S. Fong, MD | Conditions
    • Why primary care doctors are drowning in debt despite saving lives

      John Wei, MD | Physician
    • New student loan caps could shut low-income students out of medicine

      Tom Phan, MD | Physician
    • Confessions of a lipidologist in recovery: the infection we’ve ignored for 40 years

      Larry Kaskel, MD | Conditions
    • A physician employment agreement term that often tricks physicians

      Dennis Hursh, Esq | Finance
    • Why taxing remittances harms families and global health care

      Dalia Saha, MD | Finance
  • Recent Posts

    • Why pain doctors face unfair scrutiny and harsh penalties in California

      Kayvan Haddadan, MD | Physician
    • Why physicians need a place to fall apart

      Annia Raja, PhD | Physician
    • The joy of teaching medicine through life’s toughest challenges

      John F. McGeehan, MD | Physician
    • Why health care can’t survive on no-fail missions alone

      Wendy Schofer, MD | Physician
    • An addiction physician’s warning about America’s next public health crisis [PODCAST]

      The Podcast by KevinMD | Podcast
    • Gen Z’s DIY approach to health care

      Amanda Heidemann, MD | Education

Subscribe to KevinMD and never miss a story!

Get free updates delivered free to your inbox.


Find jobs at
Careers by KevinMD.com

Search thousands of physician, PA, NP, and CRNA jobs now.

Learn more

Leave a Comment

Founded in 2004 by Kevin Pho, MD, KevinMD.com is the web’s leading platform where physicians, advanced practitioners, nurses, medical students, and patients share their insight and tell their stories.

Social

  • Like on Facebook
  • Follow on Twitter
  • Connect on Linkedin
  • Subscribe on Youtube
  • Instagram

ADVERTISEMENT

ADVERTISEMENT

  • Most Popular

  • Past Week

    • New student loan caps could shut low-income students out of medicine

      Tom Phan, MD | Physician
    • How federal actions threaten vaccine policy and trust

      American College of Physicians | Conditions
    • Are we repeating the statin playbook with lipoprotein(a)?

      Larry Kaskel, MD | Conditions
    • The silent cost of choosing personalization over privacy in health care

      Dr. Giriraj Tosh Purohit | Tech
    • Why transgender health care needs urgent reform and inclusive practices

      Angela Rodriguez, MD | Conditions
    • mRNA post vaccination syndrome: Is it real?

      Harry Oken, MD | Conditions
  • Past 6 Months

    • COVID-19 was real: a doctor’s frontline account

      Randall S. Fong, MD | Conditions
    • Why primary care doctors are drowning in debt despite saving lives

      John Wei, MD | Physician
    • New student loan caps could shut low-income students out of medicine

      Tom Phan, MD | Physician
    • Confessions of a lipidologist in recovery: the infection we’ve ignored for 40 years

      Larry Kaskel, MD | Conditions
    • A physician employment agreement term that often tricks physicians

      Dennis Hursh, Esq | Finance
    • Why taxing remittances harms families and global health care

      Dalia Saha, MD | Finance
  • Recent Posts

    • Why pain doctors face unfair scrutiny and harsh penalties in California

      Kayvan Haddadan, MD | Physician
    • Why physicians need a place to fall apart

      Annia Raja, PhD | Physician
    • The joy of teaching medicine through life’s toughest challenges

      John F. McGeehan, MD | Physician
    • Why health care can’t survive on no-fail missions alone

      Wendy Schofer, MD | Physician
    • An addiction physician’s warning about America’s next public health crisis [PODCAST]

      The Podcast by KevinMD | Podcast
    • Gen Z’s DIY approach to health care

      Amanda Heidemann, MD | Education

MedPage Today Professional

An Everyday Health Property Medpage Today
  • Terms of Use | Disclaimer
  • Privacy Policy
  • DMCA Policy
All Content © KevinMD, LLC
Site by Outthink Group

Leave a Comment

Comments are moderated before they are published. Please read the comment policy.

Loading Comments...