Skip to content
  • About
  • Contact
  • Contribute
  • Book
  • Careers
  • Podcast
  • Recommended
  • Speaking
  • All
  • Physician
  • Practice
  • Policy
  • Finance
  • Conditions
  • .edu
  • Patient
  • Meds
  • Tech
  • Social
  • Video
    • All
    • Physician
    • Practice
    • Policy
    • Finance
    • Conditions
    • .edu
    • Patient
    • Meds
    • Tech
    • Social
    • Video
    • About
    • Contact
    • Contribute
    • Book
    • Careers
    • Podcast
    • Recommended
    • Speaking

The truth about artificial intelligence in medicine

Kathryn Peper, MD
Tech
March 10, 2019
Share
Tweet
Share

For many months, artificial intelligence has been in my peripheral vision, just sitting there, ignored by me because it seemed too far in the future to be interesting now.

And then, there were all these terms — Big Data, machine learning, data science — which circled the subject and, frankly, gave me a bit of a headache.

Artificial intelligence is upon us, unleashed and unbridled in its ability to transform the world. If in the previous technological revolution, machines were invented to do the physical work, then in this revolution, machines are being invented to do the thinking work. And no field involves more thinking than medicine. I took 650 mg of acetaminophen and started reading because the truth about artificial intelligence is that it’s already here.

The term artificial intelligence is credited to John McCarthy in 1956 when he used the term to describe a summer workshop he hosted called “The Dartmouth Summer Research Project on Artificial Intelligence” to discuss “thinking machines.” He thought the term was a neutral and straightforward distinction between artificial machine or computer intelligence compared to natural human intelligence. Encyclopedia definitions of AI are “the theory and development of computer systems able to perform tasks normally requiring human intelligence” or ”a branch of computer science dealing with the simulation of intelligent behavior in computers.” Perhaps the most succinct is ”the capability of a machine to imitate intelligent human behavior.”

Artificial intelligence is also described as strong AI and weak AI. Weak AI systems have specific intelligence whereas strong AI has general intelligence and is also called artificial general intelligence or AGI. Weak AI is the ability to do a specific task really well, such as IBM’s Deep Blue which was victorious over Garry Kasparov in chess in 1997. Weak AI helps turn big data into usable information by detecting patterns and making predictions. Facebook’s news feed, Amazon’s suggested purchases and Apple’s Siri are all examples of weak AI. Current systems that claim to use “artificial intelligence” are likely operating as weak AI focused on a narrowly defined specific problem.

Strong AI is a hypothetical computer system that thinks exactly the way people do, which is a very difficult problem to solve and hasn’t been invented yet. It’s a form of machine intelligence that is equal to human intelligence with the ability to reason, solve puzzles, make judgments, plan, learn and communicate. Ultimately, artificial general intelligence is the end goal.

There is also a third category somewhere in between where the majority of AI development occurs today. It is the field of machine learning: computers that use human reasoning to guide the performance of tasks without perfectly replicating human cognition. IBM’s computer Watson uses human reasoning by looking at thousands of pieces of text, recognizing patterns and then weighs the evidence. It is then able to add up all the evidence to get an answer. This is an example of artificial intelligence which isn’t exactly human cognition but is inspired by it and based on the three steps of pattern, prediction, and learning.

Machine learning practical applications include improved user content on Pinterest, broad image curation on Yelp, chatbots use on Facebook, curated timelines on Twitter and customer relationship management programs such as Salesforce’ Einstein for building better customer profiles. In the health care field, machine learning generates cancer treatment recommendations from IBM’s Watson, which is being used by hospitals today for stroke detection and an AI algorithm which preliminary results show predicts heart attacks significantly better than the ACC/AHA guidelines.

A final term, data science, includes artificial intelligence and machine learning. It is the science of getting computers to act without being programmed by humans. This is the realm of deep learning, convolutional neural networks, and cognitive computing. And it is, perhaps, these concepts that give rise to the unease and fear that somehow machines will simulate human cognition on their own and will no longer be controlled by us. It is this general lack of trust that leaves AI in our peripheral vision.

Let’s bring AI and all it’s associated terminologies into focus so we can understand how it’s revolutionizing our world because the truth is we’re already using it.

Kathryn Peper is an internal medicine physician.

Image credit: Shutterstock.com

Prev

The hidden curriculum of medical school can be overwhelming and unforgiving

March 10, 2019 Kevin 4
…
Next

Physicians need to be better judges of science

March 11, 2019 Kevin 3
…

ADVERTISEMENT

Tagged as: Health IT, Mobile health, Twitter

Post navigation

< Previous Post
The hidden curriculum of medical school can be overwhelming and unforgiving
Next Post >
Physicians need to be better judges of science

ADVERTISEMENT

More by Kathryn Peper, MD

  • AI in medicine: Separate hype from reality

    Kathryn Peper, MD
  • Knowing how artificial intelligence works empowers clinicians to be at the forefront of using it

    Kathryn Peper, MD

Related Posts

  • How social media can advance humanism in medicine

    Pooja Lakshmin, MD
  • The difference between learning medicine and doing medicine

    Steven Zhang, MD
  • KevinMD at the Richmond Academy of Medicine

    Kevin Pho, MD
  • Family medicine and the fight for the soul of health care

    Timothy Hoff, PhD
  • Take politics out of science and medicine

    Anonymous
  • Medicine is failing rural Americans

    Michael McCarthy

More in Tech

  • How digital tools are reshaping the doctor-patient relationship

    Vineet Vishwanath
  • The promise and perils of AI in health care: Why we need better testing standards

    Max Rollwage, PhD
  • 3 tips for using AI medical scribes to save time charting

    Erica Dorn, FNP
  • Would The Pitts’ Dr. Robby Robinavitch welcome a new colleague? Yes. Especially if their initials were AI.

    Gabe Jones, MBA
  • Generative AI 2025: a 20-minute cheat sheet for busy clinicians

    Harvey Castro, MD, MBA
  • Why public health must be included in AI development

    Laura E. Scudiere, RN, MPH
  • Most Popular

  • Past Week

    • Why are medical students turning away from primary care? [PODCAST]

      The Podcast by KevinMD | Podcast
    • Why “do no harm” might be harming modern medicine

      Sabooh S. Mubbashar, MD | Physician
    • How New Mexico became a malpractice lawsuit hotspot

      Patrick Hudson, MD | Physician
    • Why doctors are reclaiming control from burnout culture

      Maureen Gibbons, MD | Physician
    • Why medical schools must ditch lectures and embrace active learning

      Arlen Meyers, MD, MBA | Education
    • Why public health must be included in AI development

      Laura E. Scudiere, RN, MPH | Tech
  • Past 6 Months

    • Why tracking cognitive load could save doctors and patients

      Hiba Fatima Hamid | Education
    • Why are medical students turning away from primary care? [PODCAST]

      The Podcast by KevinMD | Podcast
    • What the world must learn from the life and death of Hind Rajab

      Saba Qaiser, RN | Conditions
    • Why “do no harm” might be harming modern medicine

      Sabooh S. Mubbashar, MD | Physician
    • Here’s what providers really need in a modern EHR

      Laura Kohlhagen, MD, MBA | Tech
    • Why flashy AI tools won’t fix health care without real infrastructure

      David Carmouche, MD | Tech
  • Recent Posts

    • Why medical schools must ditch lectures and embrace active learning

      Arlen Meyers, MD, MBA | Education
    • Why helping people means more than getting an MD

      Vaishali Jha | Education
    • How digital tools are reshaping the doctor-patient relationship

      Vineet Vishwanath | Tech
    • Why evidence-based management may be an effective strategy for stronger health care leadership and equity

      Olumuyiwa Bamgbade, MD | Physician
    • Why health care leaders fail at execution—and how to fix it

      Dave Cummings, RN | Policy
    • Residency match tips: Building mentorship, research, and community

      Simran Kaur, MD and Eva Shelton, MD | Education

Subscribe to KevinMD and never miss a story!

Get free updates delivered free to your inbox.


Find jobs at
Careers by KevinMD.com

Search thousands of physician, PA, NP, and CRNA jobs now.

Learn more

View 1 Comments >

Founded in 2004 by Kevin Pho, MD, KevinMD.com is the web’s leading platform where physicians, advanced practitioners, nurses, medical students, and patients share their insight and tell their stories.

Social

  • Like on Facebook
  • Follow on Twitter
  • Connect on Linkedin
  • Subscribe on Youtube
  • Instagram

ADVERTISEMENT

  • Most Popular

  • Past Week

    • Why are medical students turning away from primary care? [PODCAST]

      The Podcast by KevinMD | Podcast
    • Why “do no harm” might be harming modern medicine

      Sabooh S. Mubbashar, MD | Physician
    • How New Mexico became a malpractice lawsuit hotspot

      Patrick Hudson, MD | Physician
    • Why doctors are reclaiming control from burnout culture

      Maureen Gibbons, MD | Physician
    • Why medical schools must ditch lectures and embrace active learning

      Arlen Meyers, MD, MBA | Education
    • Why public health must be included in AI development

      Laura E. Scudiere, RN, MPH | Tech
  • Past 6 Months

    • Why tracking cognitive load could save doctors and patients

      Hiba Fatima Hamid | Education
    • Why are medical students turning away from primary care? [PODCAST]

      The Podcast by KevinMD | Podcast
    • What the world must learn from the life and death of Hind Rajab

      Saba Qaiser, RN | Conditions
    • Why “do no harm” might be harming modern medicine

      Sabooh S. Mubbashar, MD | Physician
    • Here’s what providers really need in a modern EHR

      Laura Kohlhagen, MD, MBA | Tech
    • Why flashy AI tools won’t fix health care without real infrastructure

      David Carmouche, MD | Tech
  • Recent Posts

    • Why medical schools must ditch lectures and embrace active learning

      Arlen Meyers, MD, MBA | Education
    • Why helping people means more than getting an MD

      Vaishali Jha | Education
    • How digital tools are reshaping the doctor-patient relationship

      Vineet Vishwanath | Tech
    • Why evidence-based management may be an effective strategy for stronger health care leadership and equity

      Olumuyiwa Bamgbade, MD | Physician
    • Why health care leaders fail at execution—and how to fix it

      Dave Cummings, RN | Policy
    • Residency match tips: Building mentorship, research, and community

      Simran Kaur, MD and Eva Shelton, MD | Education

MedPage Today Professional

An Everyday Health Property Medpage Today
  • Terms of Use | Disclaimer
  • Privacy Policy
  • DMCA Policy
All Content © KevinMD, LLC
Site by Outthink Group

The truth about artificial intelligence in medicine
1 comments

Comments are moderated before they are published. Please read the comment policy.

Loading Comments...