Why problems with advance directives keep harming patients

This is why we get it wrong

As clinicians, we were taught that advance directives (ADs) and Portable Orders for Life-Sustaining Treatment (POLSTs) protect patient autonomy. So, we encourage our patients to complete them. Hospitals and health systems promote and measure our efforts. Public and private insurers pay for it. And policymakers celebrate them.

But these familiar tools upon which we so heavily rely at the end of life have been creating …

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Why problems with advance directives keep harming patients