Conditions

Which of these patients should get a liver transplant?

Conditions

July 7, 2018

People with liver failure and cirrhosis die every year because there are not enough livers available. Who should receive the treasured life-saving organ? There is an organ allocation system in place, which has evolved over time, which ranks patients who need liver transplants. Without such a system, there would be confusion and chaos. How can we fairly determine who should receive the next available liver? What criteria should move a …

The U.S. is failing at mental health care

Linda Girgis, MD

Conditions

June 13, 2018

Where I practice, the process of referring a patient suffering a mental illness is quite infuriating. The wait to get in to see a psychiatrist or psychologist can be months all the while patients are suffering. Worse yet, with certain insurances, there are just no mental health providers available for any of their covered patients. The failure of treating mental health disease in the U.S. is glaring.

In the U.S., approximately …

MKSAP: 78-year-old man with symptoms of dysphagia

mksap

Conditions

June 9, 2018

Test your medicine knowledge with the MKSAP challenge, in partnership with the American College of Physicians.

A 78-year-old man is evaluated for symptoms of dysphagia that began 2 weeks ago. When he eats, he starts coughing after the first bite of food and occasionally has nasal regurgitation.

On physical examination, blood pressure is 135/90 mm Hg, pulse rate is 78/min, and respiration rate is 12/min. Left-sided weakness is noted in both extremities, …

The mental health implications of infertility

Samantha Saltz, MD

Conditions

June 6, 2018

While infertility may be a problem affecting nearly 7.3 million women in the United States between the ages of 15-44, it is a topic that women often don’t discuss. Rather, they suffer from the emotional pain that accompanies hormone injections, multiple procedures, and sometimes miscarriage. How is it best to treat this vulnerable population that rarely gets the attention it deserves? The answer lies in a team approach to medicine.

According …

Borderline personality disorder in medical practice

Peggy A. Rothbaum, PhD

Conditions

June 6, 2018

What is borderline personality disorder (BPD)? According to the National Institute of Mental Health, unstable moods; impulsive and reckless behavior, and unstable or volatile relationships may be indicative of BPD. People with BPD often have high rates of co-occurring disorders, such as depression, anxiety disorders, substance abuse, and eating disorders, along with self-harm, suicidal behaviors, and completed suicides. They often make poor life choices and take unwise risks. Thus, adults with …

The questionable ethics of ultrasound in pregnancy

Cory Michael, MD

Conditions

June 6, 2018

Having worked at both community hospitals and major medical centers, the issue of ultrasound in pregnancy has revealed itself to be more complex over the years. As a resident, I worked with an obstetrics office that only scanned their own patients who had private insurance and would send uninsured or Medicaid patients (often with a high risk of inadequate prenatal care) to the hospital late in the day to be …

Cyberbullying and mental illness in kids

Nils Westfall, MD and Samantha Saltz, MD

Conditions

June 5, 2018

Cyberbullying is a major and growing public health problem associated with increased risk of greater psychiatric morbidity and mortality among children and adolescents. Its prevalence, varieties, associations with other forms of maltreatment, risk factors and deleterious effects in different populations are poorly understood.

Furthermore, effective, evidence-based approaches to screening and prevention in different populations are lacking. Developing such approaches is challenged by the rapidity and unpredictability with which electronic social media …

Here’s why I left nursing

Sarah E. Jorgensen, RN

Conditions

June 5, 2018

Leaving the nursing profession is bittersweet. My heart left nursing a while ago when I came to the realization that nursing left me first. It never was a two-way relationship. The profession left me without acknowledgment of work-related stress, specifically post-traumatic stress (PTS).

First responders and emergency workers often hear the phrase, “It’s just part of the job.” So we all just deal with it — or not. I’ve heard this …

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Here’s why I left nursing

The painfully fine line of pain management

Michelle Dang, MD

Conditions

June 2, 2018

I’ve been practicing as an interventional pain management physician for over six years. It was a long road to get here — four years of medical school, four years of residency in anesthesiology and one year of fellowship (in addition to the four years of undergraduate education). So people say, “You must really love what you do.” Sure, during residency there was light at the end of the grueling tunnel …

MKSAP: 35-year-old woman is evaluated for intermittent fever

mksap

Conditions

May 12, 2018

Test your medicine knowledge with the MKSAP challenge, in partnership with the American College of Physicians.

A 35-year-old woman is evaluated for intermittent fever, sweats, fatigue, and dull midchest pain of 2 weeks’ duration. Medical history is significant for liver transplantation 6 months ago for primary biliary cirrhosis; she was seronegative for cytomegalovirus and Epstein-Barr virus, and her donor was positive for both. Results of pretransplant testing for tuberculosis …

An emergency physician makes the case for circumcision

Paul Blackburn, DO

Conditions

May 9, 2018

Whether to circumcise a newborn male child is not the simple, binary “yes/no” question it appears to be. Rather, the choice is affected by an astonishing array of issues: religion, culture, health and hygiene, sexually transmitted infections, expense, pain and medical recommendations. Some cite ethical concerns regarding usurpation of a child’s free choice. Others claim an equivalency between neonatal male circumcision and the practice of female genital mutilation.

As a practicing …

A surprising cause of rectal bleeding

Michael Kirsch, MD

Conditions

May 2, 2018

“I can’t stand the site of blood!”

We’ve all heard that adage. Blood can provoke emotional reactions from even steely muscle-bound bodybuilders. We gastroenterologists routinely receive fearful phone calls from patients who have observed even minor rectal bleeding. Fortunately, in most of these cases, there is a benign explanation for the sanguinary seepage.

If blood repels you, then gastroenterology should not be on your short, or even long list of professions under …

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A surprising cause of rectal bleeding

A pulmonary physician’s take on vaping

Mark Kelley, MD

Conditions

April 27, 2018

Walking down the street, I sometimes see people who appear to be strolling in a cloud. These folks are wrapped in vapor they inhale from e-cigarettes — a practice called vaping.

Vaping devices first emerged in the late 1990s. They feature a battery-powered heating element that heats up liquid nicotine to create an aerosol, which is free from the toxic byproducts of cigarette combustion. In theory, this device …

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A pulmonary physician’s take on vaping

The fall of the digital rectal exam

Skeptical Scalpel, MD

Conditions

April 16, 2018

For almost 20 years, the value of the digital rectal exam (DRE), a long time staple of the complete examination of the trauma patient, has been questioned. Performing a rectal examination on all trauma patients is no longer advocated except for a few specific indications.

As recently as two months ago, trauma surgeon Michael McGonigal blogging at the Trauma Pro reinforced the message. Because a rectal examination is so uncomfortable …

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The fall of the digital rectal exam

Reflections on school violence: a psychodynamic perspective

Jonathan Berent, LCSW

Conditions

April 15, 2018

The mental health community must increase its clinical acumen regarding complex psycho-pathology consisting of the avoidant personality, social impotence, and related rage. School violence has taken on epidemic proportions since two disturbed adolescents masterminded Columbine and became role models for the mentally ill young men who drive the new culture of school shootings.

While the profile of the school shooter has evolved over the last couple of decades, it’s worth considering …

MKSAP: 41-year-old woman with burning epigastric and chest pain

mksap

Conditions

April 7, 2018

Test your medicine knowledge with the MKSAP challenge, in partnership with the American College of Physicians.

A 41-year-old woman is evaluated in follow-up after presenting to the emergency department 1 week ago for burning epigastric and chest pain. In the emergency department, a complete blood count and liver chemistry studies were normal, but a radiograph of the chest and upper abdomen demonstrated calcified gallstones. The pain resolved with administration …

How silence can help us learn from our patients

Anne Katz, RN, PhD

Conditions

March 29, 2018

As the patient talked, I found myself nodding my head. In so many ways, she was just like me. Highly educated, a professional, a woman who had worked hard and long to get where she was. And then cancer took it all away, or at least that’s the way she described it. She was diagnosed with metastatic cancer one year …

Learn typical community acquired pneumonia with a Medcomic

Jorge Muniz, PA-C

Conditions

March 26, 2018

Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is an acute infection of the lung parenchyma acquired outside of the hospital or less than 48 hours after hospital admission. CAP is classified into typical and atypical subtypes, differentiated by their presentation and causative pathogens. This illustration focuses on the classic features of typical CAP.

The most common cause of typical CAP is Streptococcus pneumoniae. It is an encapsulated, gram-positive, …

What you should know about colon polyps

Frederick Gandolfo, MD

Conditions

March 22, 2018

When it comes to colon cancer prevention, the polyp is the key player to know. Colon polyps, called adenomas, are precancerous growths originating from the inner lining of the colon wall. There are other types of polyps in the colon which are not considered precancerous, but for our purposes in this article, we will consider the terms colon polyp and adenoma to be …

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What you should know about colon polyps

The challenge in oncology: balancing hope and reality

Don S. Dizon, MD

Conditions

March 14, 2018

Part of the challenge in oncology is the balance between hope and reality, and that is probably the most important thing to strive for for patients living with metastatic disease. Often times, the important conversations relate to treatment options, goals of care, and patient preferences (i.e., how frequent the visits to the doctor and for …

Conditions

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